Water coolant is not replaced for a long time, the color of water in the reservoir will change from translucent green to brown and slightly turbid. What’s up? Her answers.
Engine coolant is not good used condition and began to cause rust in the coolant system. The solution must be drained and replaced with new ones. If allowed, the rust will spread to the cooling system and engine, the cost of the repairs made perforated bags.
Workshops are usually recommended engine coolant should be replaced every 2-3 years, although some are able to five years. Engine coolant is a mixture of water danethylene glycol. These chemicals are functioning so that coolant does not freeze, preventing the boiling water (boiling point reached 130 C) so as not to overheat quickly, and with other additives to prevent rust.
Engine coolant must also match the raw materials were highly diverse cooling systems, plus be able to transfer heat efficiently, prevent corrosion and provide lubrication to water pump baffle-insulator. When conditions are good, the color green.
Engine cooling system is built from a series of complex components and materials. Aluminum, cast iron, steel, stainless steel, copper, brass, rubber and plastics, is a constituent.
When two different types of metals contact with each other through the intermediary fluid will behave like battery acid, an electron-proton exchange. This is what triggers metal corrosion. Replacing the engine coolant on a regular basis to prevent excessive formation of acid in the engine cooling system while helping to reduce corrosion.
Ethylene glycol is a toxic chemical compounds. Just a little swallowed, can kill pets. Therefore suggested to replace the engine coolant in the workshop. Workshops will remove the old engine coolant, clean the engine cooling system and fill the new coolant.
In developed countries, many workshops have engine coolant recycling system. In this system, water is separated and channeled out, while its chemical compounds reprocessed.
Routine maintenance becomes an easy way to treat the cooling system. The simplest way, check the height of the liquid with a view of the tank. If less than the minimum limit, add a little water to exceed the minimum limit. Few months, attention radioator rubber cap. If damaged, replace it just take cheap investment for an expensive machine.
This means that drivers no longer have tired of stepping on the clutch to shift gears. On cars with manual transmission, to shift gears, the clutch must be pressed.
Another fact, of all the control systems should be operated driver’s car, the clutch is the most energy-consuming. In addition, the level of operation is also very high, especially when traffic jams or solid creep!
Easy out
Nevertheless, it turns out there are still many among us who still assume negative effect on the automatic transmission. It is also recognized by auto manufacturers. For example, if the strike, cars with automatic transmission can not be encouraged. If is often used in mountainous areas, brake quickly exhausted.
All the assumptions of the past. Now, more and more automatic transmission, the manufacturer provides the mechanics who have the ability to fix it faster if there is a problem. In fact, now there is also a general workshops that could deplete the entire automatic transmission fluid (ATF) in the transmission and then filled with a lubricant that really new and clean.
In the car now, especially the use of injection systems, when the battery is weak, then the machine will not start. Because the engine computer to get energy from the battery. Therefore, the position of manual and automatic transmissions the same!
Then, on the assumption that the automatic braking when the car drove lavishly in areas with many derivatives, ascertained, that the condition occurred because the driver was too relaxed, allowing the transmission to position “D” course. In fact, D is the highest gear.
Keep working
To reduce the workload of the brakes, the driver must use engine brake effect by using a lower gear. In this case, it could be “two” or if more steep and slippery, should be “L”. Same with low teeth, 3 or 2 on the manual transmission. As for acceleration, the driver should kick or step on the gas pedal down fast!
So, driving with automatic transmission that does not mean the hand does not work at all. At a certain field conditions, 3, 2, and L should be used. Hand still be active. Only the left foot is completely relaxed. No need to stampede the clutch at all. For example when the streets are declining or accelerated during the ascent!
In fact, the bad conditions, by releasing the brake pedal and transmission at the position “D”, the car can crawl without having to hit the brakes.
If you already taste the delicious automatic transmission, especially for those who drive themselves, often through a traffic jam, and have high mobility, they certainly will not want to go back to manual if you do not have to. In fact, they are willing to spend additional costs, both for the transmission of more expensive fuel consumption plus a little more than manual
For motorists who drive a car with a Multi Information Display (MID) device can easily monitor the use of fuel. Then, how about the MID figures show that wasteful fuel usage? Least wasteful fuel consumption also depends on driving style, technical factors other than mechanical course.
Here are some tips and tricks that need to be done to reduce fuel budget:
- Do not stomping.
Pedal must be stable and gradual. If you step on the gas pedal abruptly, auto fuel that will be sucked into the combustion chamber is also growing. Meanwhile, at that time was still low engine rpm. Consequently not all that fuel into the engine room fire. Which is called a waste. Because no fuel coming out in the form of energy, but go wasted through exhaust.
- Discover the engine RPM.
One way to make an efficient fuel consumption is to change gear (transmission) the right, which is when the engine reaches maximum torque (maximum moment).Gearshift when cars were in need of torque (thrust force), should be conducted with respect to information about the maximum moment (maximum torque) of each car (usually in units of kgm / rpm). Meanwhile, if the vehicle is moving (where the thrust is not needed), the most efficient when driving with the RPM between 2500 until 3500 and with the highest gear.
For example, technical data on the manual written book Maximum torque: 200Nm/3750rpm. This means that the highest moment of 200Nm occurs at the time of rotating machines as much as 3750 per minute.
In this example, means that we should make the shift gear when the figure shows the range of 3750 rpm. Figures can be viewed at RPM tachometer located on the dashboard of a car.
Figures RPM on tachometer very important note. To streamline fuel consumption, while speeding down the road. Keep the engine speed at the maximum torque range. Because, that’s when fuel supply is in accordance with the output from the machine.
One habit that is often overlooked driver is: do not immediately adjust the gears after lowering speed (deceleration). After running hard and then suddenly put the brakes suddenly, you should also pass the shift gear to a lower position.
- Measure the HC and CO.
Whether or not extravagant consumption of fuel is also determined by engine components. Machine components that have a lot of wear / damage can cause incomplete combustion processes.To detect it, check the exhaust emissions. If the examination results show the value of HC (hydrocarbon) and CO (carbon monoxide) is too high, this is a sign of combustion in combustion chamber is not perfect (lots of wasted fuel).
- Expenses and Activator.
Another factor that determines the fuel consumption is a load and drive (drive vehicles). Increasingly heavy burden to be transported, their consumption will also increase. The definition of driving include: couplings, bearings (wheel), coupling (propeller shaft), axles, and wheels.
When these components worn or damaged, would cause loss of power generated by the engine to push the car running. Meanwhile, fuel consumption remains large. Related to the wheels, use of large tires and wheels, including the factors that affect fuel consumption.
Here, other tips are also noteworthy:
- Habits out of the office lunch / evening, preferably reduced. Bring lunch / delivery seemed better.
- If traveling, take the family / colleagues that one purpose / intention to go together in one car. For the same matters do not necessarily have to run two or three vehicles while with one unit will suffice.
- Switch to public transport such as busways, railway, or metrominis.
- When a traffic jam, while out of town, you should stop first. Changing other activities such as rest, eat, go to the bathroom, or fill the fuel to decompose congestion.
- Drive gently. Reduce the frequency of braking. When facing a red light does not need to step on the gas, let the car slide because they must be stopped. Reduce the frequency stepping on the gas and brakes. This is the step energy disposal in vain.
- When sliding or decreased, gear should not be positioned at neutral. Engine brake effect proved more economical fuel than stationary.
- Turn on the AC as needed.
- Ask workshop setting appropriate timing according to the type of fuel used. Ignition point too forward or backward resulting wasteful of fuel.
- Clean the air filters (can be done by yourself) per 2500 km, or depending on conditions.
- Do not heat the car for too long, maximum 2 minutes. Warming-up machine for 30 minutes, synonymous with traffic for 30 minutes as well.
- Find the route / alternative road is not jammed, out a little with the current path is more save.
How much of our attention on the vehicle that we use every day? Often we ignore regular maintenance on our cars so that its condition remains excellent. Maybe this is trivial, but if not carried out could cause a bigger problem and requires expensive repair costs.
Car components have an age or lifetime and it can be extended with an easy and inexpensive maintenance. Here are the steps that can be done to prevent damage before their time.
- Before you turn off the engine, reduce the volume and turn off the vehicle’s audio system. With the machine shut off the audio before, at least the audio system does not store electricity. If the remains are still stored electrical current, voltage spikes occur is feared that resulted in an audio system become damaged.
- Straighten your car tires when parking before the machine off. In quiet conditions and wheel deflected, then the engine rpm will go up if the car back is turned. Because, power steering designed to work in a state is not straight. When the steering wheel straight, the engine will reach the round of stationary and power steering are not working fully. Thus, power steering components including the oil will remain durable.
- Turn off air conditioner before the engine is turned off first. This allows bearings or wheel bearings and some components of the AC compressor will live long. Therefore, these components do not stop abruptly when its round was high.
- For turbo-engined car, leave the engine to shut down for a moment before. When stationary engines, bearings or bearing lubrication flow turbo in a stable condition. So that conditions would be more durable bearings considering the performance is strongly influenced bearing turbo.
- Check tire pressure frequently. Lack of wind pressure can make the surface uneven tire wear. To be more perfect, you should do periodically tire rotation every 10,000 km or six months.
- Prevent windshield when the car parked in the blistering. You can use cardboard, newspaper, or cloth to cover the windshield so that ultraviolet rays from the sun does not enter into the cabin. UV rays can fade fabrics made of foam seat cushions and become brittle.
- Avoid high-speed hit the hole. If it is too often forced, the age of suspension and tires will be broken.
- Do not let the engine speed is too high. When you transmit your car manual, gear position to immediately move the lower positions. In addition to keeping the engine does not overheat and remain durable, as well as fuel consumption becomes more economical.
- Perform routine inspections according to the official repair shop service manual. Make sure the condition of air filters, radiators, spark plugs, battery until the water in perfect condition.
- Always use engine oil derived from synthetic raw materials that are specifically formulated with high quality additives, so it can provide better benefits than mineral lubricating oil. The oil was shown to increase resistance to heat engines, reducing the friction between the engine and stabilize the rate of oxidation.
For diesel-engined car, use oils that contain high-tech additives capable of controlling the oxidation and control of soot well, thus providing effective protection against piston deposit formation as a result of high temperature, wear and tear, corrosion and foaming. Thus, your machine will be maintained in a durable.
“Paradigm has changed. The smaller the engine capacity, “said Fred Becker, Director of Sales Engineering Concepts NREC, a company turbocharger producers from the United States, at SAE World Congress in Detroit last week.
However, the performance is not sacrificed. “In fact, the more intense, more efficient, and exhaust gas emissions are also so low. The car was driven by steady on a variety of conditions, “he added.
Actually, the trend has been underway since last few years. For example Volkswagen, which developed TSI engine. Although the 1.4-liter engine capacity, ability to match the 2.0-liter engine. VW engines have been used on products sold in Indonesia, the Touran MPV.
Gasoline engine-now-especially great because the more applications are combined with direct injection technology petrol or gasoline direct injection (GDI or DI) and the turbocharger. Especially for the turbo, this system does not only work on medium and high speed, but starting from the start. Turbochargers also no longer owned a large capacity machine, but also a small engine, below 1.5 liters.
Noise
In addition to boosting performance machines that are more efficient, development by turbocharger manufacturers is to reduce the noise caused by this device. For that, the engineer who specializes in automotive turbochargers special-application re-analyzing and designing turbo subcomponents, such as shape, angle, and the size of the fan leaf (blade-blade). Result, the ability of the turbocharger is now more intense.
In addition, because many companies are interested in automotive component suppliers producing turbochargers, new ideas emerged. For example, designing a turbocharger with a miniature model of water cleanup pumps in nuclear reactors.
There also are making impellers (blade-blade) as a hydroelectric turbine (power plant) is safe through the fish. Some are made to replace the axial fan tail rotor helicopter model. In fact, the NREC has managed to create a highly efficient turbocharger, capable of reducing NOx, and worked in the radial.
Recovering energy
“No less attractive because of design and engineering knowledge continue to grow. Turbochargers are designed specifically for current generation gasoline and diesel engines, “said Becker. Therefore, the upcoming turbocharger designed for smaller engine capacity and number of cylinders a little, for example, four, three, or even two cylinders. “In fact, had anyone have an idea to unite the turbo unit with EGR (exhaust gas recirculation),” Becker beber.
During this time, the development of automotive turbochargers on slow assessed. The reason is, the added value obtained from the turbocharger a bit.
“In order to obtain greater value added, research is now focused on the turbo impeller aerodynamics,” he said. He added, later not only to boost turbocharger (boost) power of the engine, but also to restore or recover energy.
